Contents

Contents

7 Introduction Chapter i. People’s Farming Always Existed

10 1.1 What is this book about?

14 1.2 How the investigation was conducted

19 1.3 The eradication and development of private farming in Russia

32 1.4 The current role of people’s farming

Chapter 2. The Diversity of the Rural Household Plot

39 2.1 From collectivized livestock husbandry to private

50 2.2 Sun, fruit and poultry

57 2.3 In the northern pre-J Jrals

66 2.4 Kargopo Vefrom arable husbandry to gathering

74 2.5 Valdai: agriculture and second home owners

79 2.6 Individual farming in the environs of cities

84 2.7 Clusters of commercial vegetable production

95 2.8 The objective laws of chaos

Chapter 3. Resources for People’s Farms

100 3.1 Socio-demographic resources

106 3.2 Land resources

115 3.3 Inputs into the people’s sector from large farms

124 3.4 Non-agricultural environmental resources

132 3.5 The geographical resource base

Chapter 4. Geographical Differentiation

in the character of People’s Farming 145 4.1 Volume and productivity

161 4.2 For themselves or for sale

174 4.3 The Ethnic mosaic of Individual farming

Chapter 5. The Varied Character of Private Farming

195 5.1 Gastarbeiter on plantations

202 5.2 Multifaceted private farmers

214 5.3 The shoots of private entrepreneurship

219 5.4 Urban dwellers’agriculture

231 5.5 The variability of private farming in Russia

235 5.6 Small-scale farming and land conflicts

Chapter 6. Socio-economic changes in rural Russia

246 6.1 Problems in privatefarming in Russia

256 6.2 The informal economy and the self-organisation of farming in rural districts 266 6.3 Changes in the socio-economic structure of rural society

274 6–4 The private sector informer and existing socialist countries:

East-Central Europe – Russia – China

285 6.5 Social and economic policy in rural Russia

296 Conclusion. What next?

305 References

317 Summary

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